Modélisation de l’écoulement de la nappe de Berrechid (Maroc)

Modeling of groundwater flow of Berrechid (morocco)

¹ Université Hassan II, faculté des Sciences Ain Chok, Casablanca, Maroc
² Ecole Hassania des Travaux Publics, B.P. 8108, Casablanca-Oasis, Maroc
³ Université Hassan Ier, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Settat, Maroc

Auteur de correspondance : karimaelbouqdaoui@hotmail.com

Résumé

Human activities are often the principal causes of water resources degradation. This degradation is accentuated more particularly in semi-arid climate zones, as in the case of Berrechid area where the groundwater represents the principal drinking water resource, also this area became a zone of large industrial activities. An efficient management of the groundwater using an adequate mathematical model is essential to preserve its quality and its reserve. For this reason, we carried out a geological, hydrological and hydrogeologic analysis in order to identify aquifer characteristics and boundaries. Once the conceptual model is established and numerical code validated, the GMS software with PEST as automatic calibration method have been used to determine the groundwater flow in steady and transient regimes.The calibrated numerical model accurately restores the variations of the piezometric levels for the twenty four last years. In particular, it shows clearly the marked decrease of water level due to drought and extensive irrigation during the eighties. This is mostly observed in the central part of the aquifer.