Évaluation des contraintes maximales dans les réseaux de conduites provoquées par le phénomène de coup de bélier

Evaluation of maximum pressure in networks caused by water hammer phenomenon

¹ Unité de Mécanique des fluides appliquée et modélisation, ENIS BP W 3038, Sfax, Tunisie
² Laboratoire de Fiabilité Mécanique Ufr MIM, Ile de Saulcy, Metz, France

Auteur de correspondance : tis.technique@tunet.tn

Résumé

A numerical model has been established in order to simulate the propagation of pressure waves into water networks. Formalism of this model is based on a partial hyperbolic differential equations system solved by the method of characteristics. This model gives informations and damping of water hammer waves taking into account the structure of the water network and the lost of pressure. The numerical algorithm gives the values of maximal pressure induced by water hammer provoked by fast closing valves into network and then the maximal stresses into pipes. In this case the overpressure doesn’t correspond to the first maximum pressure but, it may increase due to the damping and the reflection of waterhammer wave at junctions. More, in case of simultaneous closing of several valves, over pressure can overcome the admissible pressure and lead to failure risks. The presented results concern the network of water supply of the South Tunisian with or without surpresseurs.